![]() ![]() Patients suffering the chronic inflammatory and auto-immune diseases are routinely prescribed with glucocorticoids (dexamethasone/DEX and others 1). Collectively, these results show that PGK1 depletion protects human osteoblasts from DEX via activation of Keap1-Nrf2 signaling cascade. At last we show that PGK1 expression is downregulated in human necrotic femoral head tissues of DEX-taking patients, correlating with HO1 depletion. In addition, Keap1 shRNA mimicked and nullified PGK1 shRNA-induced anti-DEX osteoblast cytoprotection. Importantly, PGK1 depletion-induced osteoblast cytoprotection against DEX was almost abolished by Nrf2 shRNA. Furthermore, PGK1 knockout, by the CRISPR/Cas9 method, similarly induced Nrf2 signaling activation and protected osteoblasts from DEX. Functional studies demonstrated that PGK1 shRNA largely attenuated DEX-induced oxidative injury and following death of OB-6 cells and primary osteoblasts. ![]() Here, in OB-6 osteoblastic cells and primary human osteoblasts, PGK1 silencing, by targeted shRNA, induced Nrf2 signaling cascade activation, causing Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation, as well as increased expression of ARE-dependent genes ( HO1, NQO1, and GCLC). A recent study has shown that phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) inhibition/depletion will lead to Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) methylglyoxal modification, thereby activating Nrf2 signaling cascade. Activation of nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) cascade can alleviate dexamethasone (DEX)-induced oxidative injury and death of human osteoblasts.
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